Review Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-5029/029
Analysis of Alcohol Drinking on, Information Retrieval Health Impact Among POLAC Residence
- Chukwuedozie Francis Nwachukwu *
Department of Biochemistry/ Forensic Science, Faculty of Science, Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil Kano State, Nigeria.
*Corresponding Author: Chukwuedozie Francis Nwachukwu, Department of Biochemistry/ Forensic Science, Faculty of Science, Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil Kano State, Nigeria.
Citation: Chukwuedozie F. Nwachukwu. (2023), Analysis of Alcohol Drinking on, Information Retrieval Health Impact Among POLAC Residence. International J. of Biomed Research. 2(5); DOI:10.31579/2834-5029/029
Copyright: © 2023, Chukwuedozie Francis Nwachukwu. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 16 August 2023 | Accepted: 04 September 2023 | Published: 12 September 2023
Keywords: binge drinking; alcohol; information retrieval; health condition; crime
Abstract
It is necessary to truncate tortuous of any form from incorporative subjects and elicit true confessions. The research aims to investigate binge alcohol drinking and the attendance health consequences following overindulgence. Single blinded descriptive analyses method was on three mess hall locations in POLAC environs. Intelligently well-crafted oral questions were cut in during discussions on issues bothering the POLAC Institution and Management via staff welfare, the day-to-day administration of the Institution, and health during peaceful drinking at the three joints. The information retrieval lasted for two months. The retrieved information concordance from the messes (Officers, Inspectors, and Rank and files) were analyzed after authentication and expressed in percentage. The retrieved information on the health of participant verification was via their records. The information concordant status in the triad was 87% (first week), 75% (second week), 55% (third week), 86% fourth week), 79% (fifth week), 72% (sixty week), 62% (seventh week) and 75% (eighth week). The highest and lowest information concordance is 87 % and 55%, with an average of 88%. The result in each week is above 50%. Participants’ health condition(s) were: Health Disease (2), High Blood Pressure (45), Stroke (1), Digestive problem (15), Injury (64), Sexual Assault (1), Mental Health (3), and kidney disease (1). The injury was the highest multiple disease component in the comorbidity. It might be due to the risk of injuries following intoxication. High Blood Pressure plus Injury was the highest comorbidity (31:57%) in participants. Information retrieval satisfaction was on a scale of 78.88 percent.
Abbreviations
POLAC: Police Academy
Introduction
The quest for adequate and reliable aids to interrogation is ancient. It is necessary to truncate tortuous of any form from incorporative subjects and elicit true confessions. The immemorial quest for truth is the drive for techniques that will unveil the truth. Investigation through tongue losing to eliminate repressive influence on communicative participants is a good way to retrieve information without mitigation. Alcohol has an excellent known effect and gives rise to this time-honored aphorism (Geo, 2012).
More than a century ago, rapid developments in the quest for scientific tools for uncovering truths were through discoveries. The demand for fast methods and impatience have led to many contributions to this field of forensic science. Under the influence of drugs (sodium pentothal scopolamine, sodium amytal, and Sodium Pentothal. Scopolamine) (Rinde, 2015), participants were more candid about the truth. The use of these drugs is in question (Sadoff, 2016) because the usage of these drugs may be against consent. The suspension of the drugs follows (Naples and Hackett).
Contrary to truth, lying is more complex than telling the truth. It involves imagination and tasks the brain. Lying involves thought filtration to reveal or conceal. It must be consistent if to hide the information truth in the message. Alcohol causes emotional changes related to specific behaviors, stress, or other adverse effects. The person with inhibited effects often says things, not associating them with positive or negative consequences. It inhibits the thought filtration process of the brain and makes one unable to manipulate the answers. It increases loquacity. The research is mindful of alcohol's ability to alter (inhibit) this process and is employed. When drinking alcohol, the tongue frees up to say what is in the heart. Drinking lowers inhibitions. Under normal circumstances, the brain neocortex makes evaluations for sound decisions. In the presence of alcohol, however, this feature no longer functions properly. Therefore, heartfelt emotions are genuine because drinkers will likely lack the skills to be deceitful. As blood alcohol levels continue to climb, its effects of alcohol become more apparent and information divulged. The research is mindful of the negative impact associated with alcohol binge drinking on health. The researcher must give a frank discussion of the noticeable difference in the health of binge drinkers.
Binge drinking is a common form of alcohol excess drinking around the globe (Sacks et al., 2015). The majority of binge drinkers are adults (35 years and above). Chronic disease and behavioral disorders, but not limited to, are attendant consequences of binge drinking (Naimi et al., 2003, Rehm et al., 2010 and Esser et al., 2014): liver disease, heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, cancers, digestive problems and violence, sexual assault, memory and learning problems, social isolation, mental health problems, unintentional injuries, alcohol poisoning (Figure 1). It is not surprising, as alcohol's capacity to permeate all tissue in the body is possible, and its results are significant alterations of organ architecture and functions. It is the early stage of the multisystemic pathophysiological consequences with untold disarrayed disarticulation following. The researcher opinionated that the participants of the present research may fall into one or more of the aforementioned attendant consequences. It warrants the consideration of the health of the binge drinkers as added significance to the study, a plus point in this research.

Apart from this, in the past, evidence-collection procedures doubted accounts of primitive style (Sharma, 2005). A modern of this utilizes subtle changes in the body like brain activity and others. The research hypothesizes that the brain invents false answers through its reasoning. The research aim was to access information. Because brain activity is a tool for serum truth and the use of alcohol has no torture phenomena, it is worth the justification of the present research. The research limitation is that its values may be at odds with those who do not drink like the researcher.
Methodology
Study design and choice of location.
It is a single-blinded descriptive analysis of POLAC workers at their leisure (binge drinking) and its impacts on health. Intelligently well-crafted oral questions were cut in during discussions on issues bothering the POLAC Institution and Management via staff welfare and the day-to-day administration of the Institution during peaceful drinking at the three joints. This exercise was for two months at two consecutive intervals on each mess. Information retrieved was further compared and subjected to authentications. High similarities of retrieved information among the separate mess halls were considered positive and authenticated through the appropriate channels. The result in each of the mess is in percentages. The confessed health conditions of participants, retrieved on two different occasions, were rectified via the POLAC cottage hospital.
The study designed is for information retrieval following alcoholic drinks. The research method was an oral interview while drinking was going on and engaging in discussions that could cause the release of information from unsuspecting persons. POLAC residents, staff, and non-staff alike wine dawn with drinks daily in the three joints. The joints have no restriction on the category of people and drinks. And because it is a Police Training Institute, it is secured without fear of attack. Again, drinking is allowed in the joints. The joints have an influx of people daily. Participants were grouped into three according to the names of the mess viz Group 1 (Officers mess), Group 2 (Inspector mess), and Group 3 (Rank and file). Participants' inclusion was for those eighteen years and above, and exclusion was for those below eighteen years of age as when research began.
Brief description of Nigeria Police Academy.
The Federal Government of Nigeria upgraded the Institution to a degree-awarding Institution known as Nigeria Police Academy Wudil- Kano, State in 2012. The Academy got the recognition by the National Universities Commission and became the 37th in the list of Federal Universities and the one hundred and twenty-fourth (124th) University in Nigeria. In September 2012, activities commenced in the Academy. The Institution is mandated to produce the ideal superior Police officer equipped with the skills and knowledge to face the challenges of policing in an increasingly complex Nigerian society and a technologically sophisticated world. It is a model security training Institution with international recognition, respected for the quality and efficiency of its training and the excellence of its academic standards.

Results
The information retrieved from participants (98) was in Tables 1 and 2 and Figure 3. Table 1 and 2 depicts alcohol, a serum truth, and the health impacts of binge drinking among the participants. Figure 1 is the pictography of disease comorbidity among participants.

HBP+HD+I (High Blood Pressure + heart disease+ Injury), HBP +I (High Blood Pressure+ Injury), DP+HD+I (Digestive Problem and Heart Disease plus Injury), HD+KD+I (heart disease and kidney disease plus Injury), DP+HBP (Digestive Problem+ High Blood Pressure), HD+ HBP+MH (heart disease+ High Blood Pressure+ Mental Health Problem) and HD+ HBP+MH +I (heart disease+ High Blood Pressure+ Mental Health Problem+ Injury).
CHC= Comorbid Health Conditions and F= frequencies.

NQ- Number of questions asked, Aty - Authenticity of information among the three groups.
In Table 1, the information agreements in the triad (Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3) were 87 % for the first week, 75 % for the second week, 55 % for the third week, 86 % for the fourth week, 79 % for the fifth week, 72 % for the sixty weeks, 62 % for a seventh week and 75 % for the eighth week. The highest and lowest information concordance is in the first week (87 %) and the third week (55 %). The average information concordance is 73.88 %. The result in each week is above 50%.

HD=Heart Disease, HDP= High Blood Pressure, S=Stroke, DP=Digestive problem, I= Injury, SA= Sexual Assault, MH= Mental Health Problem, and KD= kidney disease.
From Table 2, the following health condition(s) affected the listed number of participants: heart disease (2), High Blood Pressure (45), Stroke (1), Digestive problem (15), Injury (64), Sexual Assault (1), Mental Health (3), and kidney disease (1). Injury was the highest, and sexual assaults and kidney disease were recorded least among the participants. Figure 1, representing the many comorbidities among the participants, showed High blood pressure and heart disease plus Injury, High blood pressure plus Injury, Digestive problem and heart disease plus Injury, Heart disease and kidney disease plus Injury, Digestive problem plus High blood pressure, heart disease and High blood pressure plus Mental health problem and heart disease and High blood pressure plus Mental health problem and Injury. The High blood pressure plus Injury was in 31 (57%) participants, and Digestive problems plus high blood pressure was in 18 (33%) participants. All the others were 1 (2%). High blood pressure plus Injury was the highest comorbidity recorded (31; 57%), followed by Digestive problems plus high blood pressure (18: 33%). Injury is in six comorbid health conditions, making it a common occurrence.
Discussion
A prominent crime tool prediction and information extraction is crucial for societies laden with crime. The idea is that accurate information is essential to avoid a miscarriage of justice or justice perversion. The polygraph measures changes in pulse rate, blood pressure, and respiration. The procedure has the property of relevant-irrelevant techniques (John and Heslegrave, 1988). A much closer is the use of truth drugs that bear some measures of consequences per consent. In each, there is the extraction of information. Like in the present study, it was without torture or compulsion. Alcohol drinking, like other procedure, induce the subjects to talk freely (Lee and Shlain 2004). Others have downsides and are therefore not universally accepted. Alcohol drinking is for pleasure and recreational purposes. It is normal to see people discuss while drinking, be it politically or otherwise, hence the reason for this method to excel. Alcohol drinking remains the oldest method for information extraction (Geo, 2012) and is valid for drinkers. The researcher opined that loosening the tongue and eliminating repressive influences in an uncommunicative subject is to ply him with liquor. This well-known effect of alcohol has given rise to the time-honored aphorism. It has been a century issue.
Apathetically, pressure and dishonesty may lessen the strength of various methods of information extraction (Mannes et al., 2014, Smith et al., 2016 and Gino et al., 2010), political ideals (Hopmann et al., 2012), happiness (Bliss et al., 2012) and the future of the process of the societal process (Ugander et al., 2012 and Coviello et al.,2014). The essence of the various methods, including in the present research, was to reveal the truthfulness of the responders. It is necessary to minimize and have ways to identify such responses. Subjective judgments play a role in research of this kind. However, subjectivity raises concerns about accuracy, honesty, and usefulness. The essence was for information extractions bothering POLAC environs and the fact that the research blinded to one side (known to only the researcher). It is possible to eliminate biases. The agreement status (concordance) was the utmost priority of the research. During the discussion, questioning and answering them resulted in the inability to lie by responders, alcohol lowered the inhibition to lie, and increased loquacity that excelled the research.
The results on information retrieval were above 50% (Table 1) concordance in each of the days examined, showing the effectiveness of binge drinking as an avenue for undistorted truth extraction. On average, research findings rated alcohol as a tool for information retrieval satisfaction on a scale of 78.88 percent (Table 1). The research further analyzed the health impact of alcohol on the participants since binge drinking results in harm related to alcohol use (Naimi et al., 2010). The dose-dependent association of alcohol consumption with the incidence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and others exists (Mokdad et al., 2004). The health issues might result from alcohol-excessive drinking. Though there was no control to compare, identify alcohol as the underlying cause of the conditions and it may posit challenge. The mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced health problems not investigated but literature has reported tissue injury through a process such as the formation of acetaldehyde adduct, inflammation, oxidative stress, barrier integrity disruption, enhanced catabolic processes, mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased anabolic signaling (with emphasis - the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway), profibrotic changes, and injury, and cell membrane perturbations (Molina et al., 2014) (see Figure 4). This is supported by Naimi et al. (2010), report that binge drinking causes harm. Injury is a common comorbidity among participants (Figure 3), showing to some degree that intoxication may lead to easy falls and injury.

Conclusion
The questions used in the research are not in a manner prompting incriminatory responses. Again, drinks (alcohol) are free, so each participant has no financial loss. The aforementioned is the strength of the research. The elsewhere mentioned limiting factors are to the barest minimal. It is the basis for the researcher's claim of having the upper hand in divulging appropriate information. Yet, the researcher acknowledged the absence of a uniform criterion to evaluate the efficacy because of society's peculiarities.
Competing interest declaration:
There was no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements:
The researcher is grateful to Tertiary Education Trust fund for sponsorship.
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